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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pharmjournal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Разработка и регистрация лекарственных средств</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Drug development &amp; registration</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2305-2066</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5049</issn><publisher><publisher-name>LLC «CPHA»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33380/2305-2066-2023-12-4-1525</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pharmjournal-1575</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПОИСК И РАЗРАБОТКА НОВЫХ ЛЕКАРСТВЕННЫХ СРЕДСТВ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OF NEW DRUG PRODUCTS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Выбор и применение антиоксидантов-радиопротекторов в составе терапевтических радиофармпрепаратов (обзор)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Selection and Use of Antioxidants-radioprotectors in the Composition of Therapeutic Radiopharmaceuticals (Review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6638-4292</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павленко</surname><given-names>Е. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlenko</surname><given-names>E. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>123098, г. Москва, ул. Живописная, д. 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Zhivopisnaya str., Moscow, 123098</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4810-4346</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ларенков</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Larenkov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>123098, г. Москва, ул. Живописная, д. 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Zhivopisnaya str., Moscow, 123098</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anton.larenkov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5249-8507</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Митрофанов</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mitrofanov</surname><given-names>Iu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>123098, г. Москва, ул. Живописная, д. 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Zhivopisnaya str., Moscow, 123098</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Государственный научный центр Российской Федерации – Федеральный медицинский биофизический центр имени А. И. Бурназяна»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>State Research Center – A. I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>09</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>27</fpage><lpage>39</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Павленко Е.П., Ларенков А.А., Митрофанов Ю.А., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Павленко Е.П., Ларенков А.А., Митрофанов Ю.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pavlenko E.P., Larenkov A.A., Mitrofanov I.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.pharmjournal.ru/jour/article/view/1575">https://www.pharmjournal.ru/jour/article/view/1575</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Применение радиофармацевтических препаратов для таргетной радионуклидной терапии (РНТ), эффективность которых была установлена в ходе клинических исследований, является безопасным и эффективным методом терапии различных патологических состояний, в том числе онкологических заболеваний. Основной особенностью терапевтических радиофармацевтических лекарственных препаратов (РФЛП) является использование β–- и α-излучающих радионуклидов (РН) в готовой лекарственной форме (ГЛФ). Среди радионуклидов, используемых для радионуклидной терапии, лютеций-177 на сегодняшний день является одним из наиболее популярных в клинической практике, что обусловлено его химическими и ядерно-физическими характеристиками. Список разрабатываемых РФЛП на основе лютеция-177 постоянно расширяется, а препараты Lutathera® ([177Lu]Lu-DOTA-TATE) и Pluvicto™ ([177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617) уже одобрены для применения в клинической практике ряда стран.</p></sec><sec><title>Текст</title><p>Текст. Ввиду высокой активности РН в одной дозе терапевтического РФЛП (до 8 ГБк в монодозе для 177Lu) ионизирующее излучение используемых РН приводит к снижению качества РФЛП из-за радиолитической деградации векторной молекулы. Это приводит к снижению специфичного накопления радиоактивности в очагах патологии, снижению терапевтического эффекта и потенциально увеличивает риск радиотоксичности для нецелевых органов и тканей. Степень и интенсивность радиолитической деградации векторной молекулы, а следовательно и срок хранения ГЛФ РФЛП, зависят от многих факторов, среди которых объемная активность радионуклида в препарате, его период полураспада и энергия испускаемых частиц являются наиболее весомыми. Для подавления эффектов радиолиза в составы готовых лекарственных форм вводят различные вспомогательные вещества, проявляющие антиоксидантные (радиопротекторные) свойства. Среди используемых и исследуемых веществ наиболее популярными являются гентизиновая и аскорбиновая кислоты, а также этанол. В данной работе на примерах препаратов лютеция-177 рассмотрены преимущества и недостатки различных антиоксидантов и их комбинаций, используемых в составе терапевтических РФЛП.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Подбор оптимального состава лекарственной формы является актуальной задачей, так как позволит обеспечить высокое качество РФЛП как на момент приготовления, так и в течение срока хранения и поставки конечному потребителю, что существенно облегчит применение и централизованную поставку терапевтических РФЛП. Показана необходимость создания унифицированного подхода к подбору антиоксидантов на стадии фармацевтической разработки радиофармпрепаратов. Для достижения этой цели весьма перспективным и доказавшим свою эффективность представляется подход, объединяющий исследования кинетики радикальных реакций с исследованиями радиационно-химических выходов продуктов радиолиза в одинаковых или максимально близких условиях с последующей проверкой стабильности ГЛФ РФЛП. Напротив, эмпирический подход, подразумевающий подбор радиопротекторов на основе прямого исследования их влияния на сохранение уровня радиохимической чистоты, является неоптимальным ввиду высокой рыночной стоимости как радионуклидов, так и нерадиоактивных прекурсоров.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The use of radiopharmaceuticals for targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT), the efficacy of which was established during clinical trials, is safe and effective for various pathological conditions, including cancer. The main feature of therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals (RPs) is the use of β–- and α-emitting radionuclides (RNs) in the finished dosage form (FD). Among the radionuclides used for radionuclide therapy, lutetium-177 is currently one of the most popular in clinical practice because of its chemical and nuclear characteristics. The list of RPs based on lutetium-177 is constantly expanding, and Lutathera® ([177Lu]Lu-DOTA-TATE) and Pluvicto™ ([177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617) have been approved for clinical use in several countries.</p></sec><sec><title>Text</title><p>Text. Because of the high activity of RNs in a single dose of therapeutic RPs (up to 8 GBq in a monodose for 177Lu), ionizing radiation of the used RNs leads to a decrease in RPs quality owing to radiolytic degradation of the vector molecule. This leads to a decreased specific accumulation of radioactivity in the foci of pathology, reduced therapeutic effect, and potentially increases the risk of radiotoxicity to non-target organs and tissues. The degree and intensity of radiolytic degradation of the vector molecule and, consequently, the shelf life of RPs depend on many factors, among which the activity concentration of the radionuclide in the preparation, its half-life, and the energy of the emitted particles are the most important. To suppress the effects of radiolysis, various excipients with antioxidant (radioprotective) properties were introduced into the compositions of the finished dosage forms. Among the substances studied, the most popular were gentisic acid, ascorbic acid, and ethanol. In this work, the advantages and disadvantages of various antioxidants and their combinations used in therapeutic RPs were considered in lutetium-177 preparations.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Selection of the optimal composition of the dosage form is an urgent task, as it will ensure high-quality RPs both at the time of preparation and during the shelf life and delivery to the end user, which will greatly facilitate the use and centralized supply of therapeutic RPs. The necessity of creating a unified approach for the selection of antioxidants at the pharmaceutical development stage of radiopharmaceuticals is shown. For this purpose, an approach combining studies of radical reaction kinetics with studies of radiation-chemical yields of radiolysis products under identical or maximally similar conditions with subsequent verification of the stability of RPs dosage form seems to be very promising and has proven to be effective. In contrast, the empirical approach, which implies the selection of radioprotectors based on a direct study of their influence on the preservation of the level of radiochemical purity, is suboptimal because of the high market value of both radionuclides and non-radioactive precursors.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>радиофармпрепараты</kwd><kwd>радиопротекторы</kwd><kwd>антиоксиданты</kwd><kwd>лютеций-177</kwd><kwd>ПСМА-617</kwd><kwd>радиолиз</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>radiopharmaceuticals</kwd><kwd>radioprotectors</kwd><kwd>antioxidants</kwd><kwd>lutetium-177</kwd><kwd>PSMA-617</kwd><kwd>radiolysis</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Данное исследование выполнено в рамках государственного задания и при финансовой поддержке Федерального медико-биологического агентства России (тема No. 122031100121-4, научный руководитель: А. А. Ларенков).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This research was carried out within the framework of a state assignment and with financial support from the Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russia (topic No. 122031100121-4, scientific supervisor: Anton A. Larenkov).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sgouros G., Bodei L., McDevitt M. R., Nedrow J. R. Radiopharmaceutical Therapy in Cancer: Clinical Advances and Challenges. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery. 2020;19(9):589–608. DOI: 10.1038/s41573-020-0073-9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sgouros G., Bodei L., McDevitt M. R., Nedrow J. R. Radiopharmaceutical Therapy in Cancer: Clinical Advances and Challenges. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery. 2020;19(9):589–608. 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