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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pharmjournal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Разработка и регистрация лекарственных средств</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Drug development &amp; registration</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2305-2066</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5049</issn><publisher><publisher-name>LLC «CPHA»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33380/2305-2066-2023-12-4(1)-1613</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pharmjournal-1702</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДОКЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ И КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PRECLINICAL AND CLINICAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Гепатопротекторная активность экстракта сосны обыкновенной шишек</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hepatoprotective Activity of Pine cones Extract</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9464-1869</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гуляев</surname><given-names>Д. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gulyaev</surname><given-names>D. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>614990, г. Пермь, ул. Полевая, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2, Polevaya str., Perm, 614990</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dkg2014@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7395-4951</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зыкова</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zykova</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>614990, г. Пермь, ул. Полевая, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2, Polevaya str., Perm, 614990</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5193-3976</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белоногова</surname><given-names>В. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belonogova</surname><given-names>V. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>614990, г. Пермь, ул. Полевая, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2, Polevaya str., Perm, 614990</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9898-3479</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семакин</surname><given-names>Д. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semakin</surname><given-names>D. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>614990, г. Пермь, ул. Полевая, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2, Polevaya str., Perm, 614990</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3171-0438</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бузмакова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Buzmakova</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>614990, г. Пермь, ул. Полевая, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2, Polevaya str., Perm, 614990</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Пермская государственная фармацевтическая академия» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (ФГБОУ ВО ПГФА Минздрава России)</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Perm State Pharmaceutical Academy" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title>Приложение 1</issue-title><fpage>128</fpage><lpage>133</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гуляев Д.К., Зыкова С.С., Белоногова В.Д., Семакин Д.О., Бузмакова Н.А., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гуляев Д.К., Зыкова С.С., Белоногова В.Д., Семакин Д.О., Бузмакова Н.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gulyaev D.K., Zykova S.S., Belonogova V.D., Semakin D.O., Buzmakova N.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.pharmjournal.ru/jour/article/view/1702">https://www.pharmjournal.ru/jour/article/view/1702</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Жировой гепатоз является широко распространенным метаболическим заболеванием. Происходит ежегодное увеличение случаев выявления жирового гепатоза как в России, так и по все миру. Актуальной задачей является поиск новых лекарственных средств для лечения и профилактики развития жирового гепатоза.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Исследование состава процианидинов и биологической активности экстракта сосны обыкновенной шишек на модели жирового гепатоза in vivo.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Для получения экстракта использовали шишки сосны обыкновенной, заготовленные на территории Пермского края в декабре. Экстракт получали путем обработки сырья горячей водой. Компонентный состав процианидинов в экстракте определяли с помощью ультраэффективной жидкостной хроматографии с масс селективным детектором. Гепатопротекторную активность изучали на модели жирового гепатоза, индуцируемого введением тетрахлорметана in vivo на белых беспородных крысах. В качестве эталона сравнения использовали силимарин.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. В результате хроматографического исследования в сухом водном экстракте сосны обыкновенной шишек были идентифицированы следующие процианидины – В2, В3, С1, C2, D1. В результате гепатопротекторной активности установлено, что в контрольной (интактной) группе при патогистологическом исследовании печени изменений не обнаружено. Индекс (степень) стеатоза: 0. В опытной группе, животным которой вводили тетрахлорметан без последующего лечения обнаружено, что порядка 50 % гепатоцитов гистологического среза в состоянии макро- и микровезикулярной жировой дистрофии. Индекс стеатоза равен 2. В группе животных, которым вводили тетрахлорметан и проводили лечение препаратом Карсил®, гепатоциты нормального размера с единичными жировыми микровезикулами в цитоплазме. Индекс стеатоза равен 0. В группе животных, которым вводили тетрахлорметан и проводили лечение экстрактом шишек сосны, гепатоциты нормальных размеров с эухромным ядром, в центральных отделах в состоянии макро- и микровезикулярной жировой дистрофии (около 20–25 % всех гепатоцитов гистологического среза). Индекс стеатоза равен 1.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Экстракт шишек сосны обыкновенной способствует умеренному снижению распространенности белковой, мелкоочаговой мелкокапельной жировой дистрофии гепатоцитов. Для увеличения гепатопротекторной активности необходимо исследовать действие экстракта в дозе 30 мг/кг и выше.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Fatty hepatosis is a widespread metabolic disease. There is an annual increase in cases of detection of fatty hepatosis both in Russia and around the world. An urgent task is to search for new medicines for the treatment and prevention of the development of fatty hepatosis.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. Investigation of the composition of procyanidins and the biological activity of pine cones extract on a model of fatty hepatosis in vivo.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. To obtain the extract, cones of pine harvested on the territory of the Perm Region in December were used. The extract was obtained by processing raw materials with hot water. The component composition of procyanidins in the extract was determined using ultra-efficient liquid chromatography with a mass selective detector. Hepatoprotective activity was studied on a model of fatty hepatosis induced by the introduction of carbon tetrachloride in vivo on white mongrel rats. Silymarin was used as a reference for comparison.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. As a result of chromatographic examination, the following procyanidins were identified in a dry aqueous extract of pine cones – B2, B3, C1, C2, D1. As a result of hepatoprotective activity, it was found that no changes were detected in the control (intact) group during the pathohistological examination of the liver. Index (degree) of steatosis: 0. In the experimental group, whose animals were injected with carbon tetrachloride without subsequent treatment, it was found that about 50 % of hepatocytes of the histological section were in a state of macro- and microvesicular fatty dystrophy. The steatosis index is 2. In the group of animals injected with carbon tetrachloride and treated with Karsil®, normalsized hepatocytes with single fatty microvesicles in the cytoplasm. The steatosis index is 0. In the group of animals injected with carbon tetrachloride and treated with pine cones extract, hepatocytes of normal size with an euchromic nucleus, in the central parts in a state of macro- and microvesicular fatty dystrophy (about 20-25 % of all hepatocytes of the histological section). The steatosis index is 1.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The extract of pine cones contributes to a moderate decrease in the prevalence of protein, small-focal small-droplet fatty dystrophy of hepatocytes. To increase hepatoprotective activity, it is necessary to investigate the effect of the extract at a dose of 30 mg/kg and above.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сосна обыкновенная</kwd><kwd>шишки</kwd><kwd>водный экстракт</kwd><kwd>процианидины</kwd><kwd>гематопротекторное действие</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>common pine</kwd><kwd>cones</kwd><kwd>aqueous extract</kwd><kwd>procyanidins</kwd><kwd>hepatoprotective effect</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование проведено при финансовой поддержке Пермского научно-образовательного центра «Рациональное недропользование», 2023 год.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was carried out with the financial support of the Perm Scientific and Educational Center "Rational Subsoil Use", 2023.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Feng J., Wang C., Liu T., Li T., Wu L., Yu Q., Li S., Zhou Y., Zhang J., Ji J. 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