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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pharmjournal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Разработка и регистрация лекарственных средств</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Drug development &amp; registration</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2305-2066</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5049</issn><publisher><publisher-name>LLC «CPHA»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33380/2305-2066-2024-13-1-1632</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pharmjournal-1758</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДОКЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ И КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PRECLINICAL AND CLINICAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Разработка и валидация методики на основе функционального клеточного теста для определения нейтрализующих антител к адалимумабу в сыворотке крови человека</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Development and Validation of the Cell-based Functional Method for Neutralizing Anti-adalimumab Antibodies Detection in Human Serum</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5823-6508</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никифорова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikiforova</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>445043, Самарская область, г.о. Тольятти, территория ОЭЗ ППТ, шоссе № 4, здание 5А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Samara region, city. 5A, highway No. 4, territory of SEZ PPT, Togliatti, 445043</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">m.nikiforova@mabscale.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2577-5766</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Валуев</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Valouev</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>445043, Самарская область, г.о. Тольятти, территория ОЭЗ ППТ, шоссе № 4, здание 5А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Samara region, city. 5A, highway No. 4, territory of SEZ PPT, Togliatti, 445043</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6214-8119</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петров</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>445020, Самарская область, г. Тольятти, ул. Белорусская, д. 14; 445043, Самарская область, г.о. Тольятти, территория ОЭЗ ППТ, шоссе № 4, здание 5А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>14, Belorusskaya str., Tolyatti, Samara region, 445020;Samara region, city. 5A, highway No. 4, territory of SEZ PPT, Togliatti, 445043</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2485-6482</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бекетов</surname><given-names>Е. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Beketov</surname><given-names>E. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>445043, Самарская область, г.о. Тольятти, территория ОЭЗ ППТ, шоссе № 4, здание 5А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Samara region, city. 5A, highway No. 4, territory of SEZ PPT, Togliatti, 445043</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1185-8630</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шохин</surname><given-names>И. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shokhin</surname><given-names>I. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>117638, г. Москва, Симферопольский бульвар, д. 8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>8, Simferopol Boulevard, Moscow, 117246</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Общество с ограниченной ответственностью «Мабскейл»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>LLC "Mabscale"</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Тольяттинский государственный университет»; Общество с ограниченной ответственностью «Мабскейл»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Togliatti State University; LLC "Mabscale"</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Общество с ограниченной ответственностью «Центр фармацевтической аналитики» (ООО «ЦФА»)</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>LLC "Center of Pharmaceutical Analytics" (LLC "CPHA")</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>02</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>208</fpage><lpage>215</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Никифорова М.А., Валуев И.А., Петров А.В., Бекетов Е.Е., Шохин И.Е., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Никифорова М.А., Валуев И.А., Петров А.В., Бекетов Е.Е., Шохин И.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nikiforova M.A., Valouev I.A., Petrov A.V., Beketov E.E., Shokhin I.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.pharmjournal.ru/jour/article/view/1758">https://www.pharmjournal.ru/jour/article/view/1758</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Адалимумаб – рекомбинантное, полностью гуманизированное моноклональное антитело, которое связывается с высокой степенью сродства и специфичностью с растворимой и мембранной формами фактора некроза опухоли (TNFα) и используется для лечения ряда аутоиммунных заболеваний, таких как ревматоидный артрит и другие наиболее распространенные воспалительные артропатии (анкилозирующий спондилит, псориатический артрит). Несмотря на доказанную эффективность лечения адалимумабом, у части пациентов с течением времени происходит снижение клинической эффективности и возникает риск нежелательных явлений. Одним из объяснений данного эффекта является образование антилекарственных антител (ADA) к препарату, в том числе и нейтрализующих антител (NAb). В настоящее время при разработке новых препаратов и препаратов-биоаналогов неотъемлемой частью клинических испытаний стала оценка и характеристика нейтрализующих антител.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Разработка и валидация методики определения нейтрализующих антител к адалимумабу в сыворотке крови человека.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Определение нейтрализующих антител к адалимумабу основано на использовании клеточной линии L-929, чувствительной к индукции апоптоза посредством TNFα; нейтрализующие антитела связываются с адалимумабом, блокируя его взаимодействие с TNFα, что приводит к TNFα-опосредованной цитотоксичности. Измерение цитотоксичности проводили с помощью резазурина, ароматического соединения, представляющего собой окислительно-восстановительный индикатор.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. Разработанная методика была валидирована по показателям: пределу исключения, селективности, чувствительности, прецизионности, специфичности и стабильности (краткосрочной и долгосрочной). Важной частью разработки методики определения нейтрализующих антител является подбор концентраций TNFα (4 нг/мл) и адалимумаба (250 нг/мл), а также определение минимального необходимого разведения образца: данный параметр составил 1 : 20. По итогам валидации был выбран «плавающий» предел исключения с поправочным коэффициентом (фактор нормализации) равным 0,86. Чувствительность разработанной методики составила 108,9 нг/мл нейтрализующих антител к адалимумабу.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Полученные при валидации методики результаты позволяют применять методику определения нейтрализующих антител к адалимумабу в сыворотке крови человека в исследовании иммуногенности препаратов адалимумаба, в том числе при проведении клинических исследований биоэквивалентности.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Adalimumab, a fully humanized monoclonal antibody, is a tumor necrosis factor (TNFα) inactivator that is used against a number of autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and other most common inflammatory arthropathies (ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis). Despite the proven efficacy of adalimumab treatment, there is a risk of adverse events, tied up with the formation of anti-drug antibodies, including neutralizing antibodies. Currently, the evaluation and characterization of neutralizing antibodies has become an important part of clinical trials in the development of new drugs and biosimilars.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. The aim of this study is to develop and validate the cell-based functional method for neutralizing anti-adalimumab antibodies determination in human serum.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. For determination of neutralizing anti-adalimumab antibodies, the cell line L-929 has been employed. L-929 is a cell line sensitive to the TNFα-mediated apoptosis; the neutralizing antibodies interact with adalimumab that leads to TNFα-mediated cytotoxicity. Cytotoxicity was measured using resazurin, an aromatic compound that is a redox indicator.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. The developed method was validated for cut point, selectivity, sensitivity, precision, specificity and stability (short- and long-term). An important part of a method development for determining neutralizing antibodies is the selection of concentrations of TNFα (4 ng/ml) and adalimumab (250 ng/ml), as well as determining the minimum required dilution – this parameter is established as 1 : 20. Cut point was chosen as a «floating» cut point, and a correction factor (normalization factor) was determined equal to 0,86. The sensitivity of the developed method was estimated at 108,9 ng/ml of neutralizing anti-adalimumab antibodies.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The obtained results can be applied for determining anti-adalimumab neutralizing antibodies in the assessment of the adalimumab immunogenicity, including clinical trials.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>адалимумаб</kwd><kwd>нейтрализующие антитела</kwd><kwd>антилекарственные антитела</kwd><kwd>иммуногенность</kwd><kwd>TNFα</kwd><kwd>клеточная линия L-929</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>adalimumab</kwd><kwd>neutralizing antibodies</kwd><kwd>anti-drug antibodies</kwd><kwd>immunogenicity</kwd><kwd>TNFα</kwd><kwd>L-929 cell line</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lu R.-M., Hwang Y.-C., Liu I.-J., Lee C.-C., Tsai H.-Z., Li H.-J., Wu H.-C. 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