pharmjournalРазработка и регистрация лекарственных средствDrug development & registration2305-20662658-5049LLC «CPHA»10.33380/2305-2066-2024-13-4-1919pharmjournal-1977Research ArticleФАРМАЦЕВТИЧЕСКАЯ ТЕХНОЛОГИЯPHARMACEUTICAL TECHNOLOGYЛипосомы – метаболически активные транспортные системы лекарственных средств: визуализация и фармакокинетика. Часть 2 (обзор)Liposomes – metabolically active drug transport systems: visualization and pharmacokinetic. Part 2 (review)https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1061-0665ПожарицкаяО. Н.PozharitskayaO. N.

183038, г. Мурманск, ул. Владимирская, д. 17

17, Vladimirskaya str., Murmansk, 183038

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9292-4240КоцурЮ. М.KozurYu. M.

197022, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Профессора Попова, 14, литера А

14A, Prof. Popova str., Saint-Petersburg, 197022

uliya.kocur@spcpu.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2074-3832ОсочукС. С.OsochukS. S.

210009, г. Витебск, пр-т Фрунзе, д. 27

27, Frunze avenue, Vitebsk, 210009,

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8077-2462ФлисюкЕ. В.FlisyukE. V.

197022, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Профессора Попова, 14, литера А

14A, Prof. Popova str., Saint-Petersburg, 197022

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0013-4784СмеховаИ. Е.SmekhovaI. E.

197022, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Профессора Попова, 14, литера А

14A, Prof. Popova str., Saint-Petersburg, 197022

https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5678-672XМалковС. Д.MalkovS. D.

197022, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Профессора Попова, 14, литера А

14A, Prof. Popova str., Saint-Petersburg, 197022

https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1190-5839ЗарифиК. О.ZarifiK. O.

197022, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Профессора Попова, 14, литера А

14A, Prof. Popova str., Saint-Petersburg, 197022

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1343-4663ТитовичИ. А.TitovichI. A.

197022, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Профессора Попова, 14, литера А

14A, Prof. Popova str., Saint-Petersburg, 197022

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7785-4256КрасоваЕ. К.KrasovaE. K.

197022, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Профессора Попова, 14, литера А

14A, Prof. Popova str., Saint-Petersburg, 197022

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4351-0695ШиковА. Н.ShikovA. N.

197022, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Профессора Попова, 14, литера А

14A, Prof. Popova str., Saint-Petersburg, 197022

Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Мурманский морской биологический институт Российской академии наук (ММБИ РАН)РоссияMurmansk Marine Biological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (MMBI RAS)Russian FederationФедеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Санкт-Петербургский государственный химико-фармацевтический университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (ФГБОУ ВО СПХФУ Минздрава России)РоссияSaint-Petersburg State Chemical and Pharmaceutical UniversityRussian FederationУчреждение образования «Витебский государственный ордена Дружбы народов медицинский университет»БеларусьVitebsk State Order of Peoples' Friendship Medical UniversityBelarus2024181120241347898Copyright © Пожарицкая О.Н., Коцур Ю.М., Осочук С.С., Флисюк Е.В., Смехова И.Е., Малков С.Д., Зарифи К.О., Титович И.А., Красова Е.К., Шиков А.Н., 20242024Пожарицкая О.Н., Коцур Ю.М., Осочук С.С., Флисюк Е.В., Смехова И.Е., Малков С.Д., Зарифи К.О., Титович И.А., Красова Е.К., Шиков А.Н.Pozharitskaya O.N., Kozur Y.M., Osochuk S.S., Flisyuk E.V., Smekhova I.E., Malkov S.D., Zarifi K.O., Titovich I.A., Krasova E.K., Shikov A.N.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.pharmjournal.ru/jour/article/view/1977Введение

Введение. Во второй части обзора рассмотрены вопросы визуализации, фармакокинетики и биораспределения липосом.

Текст

Текст. Существует широкий спектр методов визуализации, доступных для оценки морфологии липосом и их качества, каждый из которых имеет свои преимущества и недостатки: световая микроскопия, ESEM, TEM, AFM и пр. В целом выбор метода зависит от того, какие морфологические характеристики и степень детализации требуются. В процессе подготовки проб липосом важно понимать особенности образцов и метода визуализации. Адекватно проведенные исследования по фармакокинетике и биораспределению также могут расцениваться как инструмент визуализации липосом. Фармакокинетика липосомальных форм определяется множеством факторов, таких как природа ЛС, дозировка, липидный состав, размер липосом, заряд, покрытие липосом вспомогательными веществами и способ введения. Кроме того, взаимодействие липосомальных форм с иммунной системой, ретикулоэндотелиальной системой и компонентами крови играет важную роль в их абсорбции, распределении и выведении из организма.

Заключение

Заключение. Лучшее понимание абсорбции, биораспределения, метаболизма и выведения липосомальных форм необходимо для разработки современных лекарственных средств.

Introduction

Introduction. In the second part of the review we discussed aspects of visualization, pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of liposomes.

Text

Text. Many different methodsh as been proposed for the visualization of liposoms morphology and quality such as light microscopy, ESEM, TEM, AFM, etc. Each method have own advantages and limitations which are discussed in the article: In general, the selection of method depends on the specific morphological characteristics and level of details. It is important to understand the specificity of the liposomes and the visualization method for correct preparation of samples. Adequately performed pharmacokinetic and biodistribution studies can also be used as a tool for liposome visualization. The nature of active pharmaceutical ingredients, dose, lipid components, size of liposomes, charge, coating of liposomes with excipients and route of administration significantly affects the pharmacokinetics of liposomal forms. Additionally, the interaction of liposomal forms with the immune system, reticuloendothelial system and blood components play an important role in their absorption, distribution and elimination.

Conclusion

Conclusion. The better understanding of the absorption, biodistribution, metabolism and clearance of liposomal formulations is essential for the development of modern drugs.

липосомывизуализацияфармакокинетикамРНКliposomesvisualizationpharmacokineticsmRNAРезультаты работы получены в рамках выполнения государственного задания по теме «Разработка композиции и технологии получения нового липидного наноносителя с применением ионизируемых липидов для адресной доставки мРНК-вакцин, направленных на здоровьесбережение и повышение качества жизни населения», зарегистрированного в ЕГИСУ НИОКТР научным направлением ФГБОУ ВО СПХФУ Минздрава России № 124041800053-8 от 18 апреля 2024 года.The results of the work were obtained as part of the implementation of the State assignment on the topic "Development of the composition and technology of a new lipid nanocarrier using ionizable lipids for targeted delivery of an mRNA vaccine aimed at preserving health and improving the quality of life of the population", registered in the Unified state information system for recording research, development and technological work for civil purposes of the modern direction of the St. Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University. № 124041800053-8 dated April 18, 2024.ReferencesОсочук С. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.