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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pharmjournal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Разработка и регистрация лекарственных средств</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Drug development &amp; registration</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2305-2066</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5049</issn><publisher><publisher-name>LLC «CPHA»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33380/2305-2066-2025-14-1-1889</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pharmjournal-2032</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПОИСК И РАЗРАБОТКА НОВЫХ ЛЕКАРСТВЕННЫХ СРЕДСТВ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OF NEW DRUG PRODUCTS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оптимизация метода рефолдинга Fc-слитого белка, полученного в бактериальной системе экспрессии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Optimization of the Fc-fusion protein refolding method produced from the bacterial expression system</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7984-1253</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Астрелина</surname><given-names>П. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Astrelina</surname><given-names>P. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>198515, г. Санкт-Петербург, поселок Стрельна, ул. Связи, д. 34, литера А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Svyazi str., Strelna village, Saint-Petersburg, 198515</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Polina.Astrelina@geropharm.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5754-7491</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ищук</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ishchuk</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>198515, г. Санкт-Петербург, поселок Стрельна, ул. Связи, д. 34, литера А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Svyazi str., Strelna village, Saint-Petersburg, 198515</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0648-6354</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кабанова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kabanova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>198515, г. Санкт-Петербург, поселок Стрельна, ул. Связи, д. 34, литера А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Svyazi str., Strelna village, Saint-Petersburg, 198515</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4594-6097</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Драй</surname><given-names>Р. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Drai</surname><given-names>R. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>198515, г. Санкт-Петербург, поселок Стрельна, ул. Связи, д. 34, литера А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Svyazi str., Strelna village, Saint-Petersburg, 198515</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Закрытое акционерное общество «Фарм-Холдинг»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">JSC "Pharm-Holding"<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>92</fpage><lpage>102</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Астрелина П.С., Ищук С.А., Кабанова А.В., Драй Р.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Астрелина П.С., Ищук С.А., Кабанова А.В., Драй Р.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Astrelina P.S., Ishchuk S.A., Kabanova A.V., Drai R.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.pharmjournal.ru/jour/article/view/2032">https://www.pharmjournal.ru/jour/article/view/2032</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Производство Fc-слитых белков в прокариотических системах приводит к образованию нерастворимых агрегатов из-за неправильного сворачивания полипептидных цепей. Для получения функциональных белков требуется стадия рефолдинга, процесс подбора условий которого может быть трудоемким. Оптимизация параметров ренатурации с помощью подхода дизайна эксперимента (Design of Experiments, DoE) позволяет рассчитать оптимальные параметры процесса и оценить влияние факторов и их взаимодействий.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Оценка влияния концентраций окислителя, восстановителя и pH буфера ренатурации на эффективность рефолдинга Fc-слитого белка in vitro и определение оптимальных условий.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В работе использовали тельца включения Fc-слитого белка, полученные в бактериальной системе экспрессии Escherichia coli BL21. Планирование эксперимента осуществляли с помощью ортогонального композиционного дизайна (Orthogonal Central Composite design, CCO). Дизайн эксперимента, статистическую обработку данных и оптимизацию параметров производили в программе MODDE (v. 12.1, Sartorius Stedim Data Analytics AB, Германия). В качестве откликов использовали показатели хроматографической чистоты и выход целевого белка по данным высокоэффективной жидкостной эксклюзионной хроматографии.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. Проведена оптимизация условий ренатурации Fc-слитого белка с применением подхода DoE. На основании полученных данных были построены графики поверхности откликов и определены оптимальные значения параметров pH буферной среды, концентрации окислителя и восстановителя. Полученные статистические модели демонстрируют высокую прогностическую способность и воспроизводимость данных. Была проведена успешная валидация процесса рефолдинга в оптимизированных условиях. Наблюдали снижение количества высокомолекулярных примесей и неправильно свернутых форм белка в целевом продукте. Значение хроматографической чистоты целевого белка по данным высокоэффективной жидкостной эксклюзионной хроматографии удалось повысить более чем на 10 %.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Было установлено значительное влияние pH буферного раствора, соотношения концентраций окислительно-восстановительной пары и их взаимное влияние на выход и хроматографическую чистоту Fc-слитого белка. Показана тесная взаимосвязь эффектов окислительного и восстановительного компонентов с pH раствора. Повышенный pH буферной среды улучшает растворимость белка, что создает лучшие условия для правильного сворачивания полипептидной цепи.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The production of Fc-fused proteins in prokaryotic systems often results in the formation of insoluble aggregates due to improper folding of polypeptide chains. To obtain functional proteins, a refolding step is required. However, developing refolding parameters can be time-consuming. The optimization of renaturation conditions using the Design of Experiments (DoE) approach allows for the calculation of optimal process parameters and the evaluation of contributing factors and their interactions.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. This study aims to evaluate the effects of denaturation buffer pH, as well as oxidative and reducing agent concentrations, on the efficiency of Fc-fusion protein refolding in vitro and to determine optimal refolding parameters.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Fc-fusion protein inclusion bodies were obtained from an Escherichia coli BL21 bacterial expression system. The experiment was designed using an orthogonal composite design (Orthogonal Central Composite Design, CCO). Experimental design, statistical data processing, and parameter optimization were conducted using MODDE (v. 12.1, Sartorius Stedim Data Analytics AB, Germany). Chromatographic purity and yield of the target protein, as determined by high-performance size-exclusion chromatography, were used as response variables.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. The DoE approach successfully optimized the Fc-fusion protein refolding process. Response surface plots were constructed, and the optimal factor values were determined. The statistical models demonstrated high predictive accuracy and data reproducibility. The refolding process was successfully validated under optimized conditions, resulting in a decrease in high-molecular-weight impurities and improperly folded protein forms. The chromatographic purity of the target protein increased by more than 10 %, as confirmed by high-performance size-exclusion chromatography.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The study established significant effects of buffer pH, redox pair concentrations, and their interactions on the yield and chromatographic purity of the Fc-fused protein. The interplay between oxidative and reducing components and buffer pH was demonstrated. Increasing the buffer pH led to improved refolding efficiency.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рефолдинг</kwd><kwd>Fc-слитый белок</kwd><kwd>дизайн эксперимента</kwd><kwd>методология поверхности отклика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>refolding</kwd><kwd>Fc-fused protein</kwd><kwd>Design of Experiments</kwd><kwd>Response Surface Methodology</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Спонсор данного исследования – ООО «ГЕРОФАРМ».</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>The sponsor of this study is LLC "GEROPHARM".</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jafari R., Zolbanin N. M., Rafatpanah H., Majidi J., Kazemi T. Fc-fusion Proteins in Therapy: An Updated View. Current Medicinal Chemistry. 2017;24(12):1228–1237. 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