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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pharmjournal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Разработка и регистрация лекарственных средств</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Drug development &amp; registration</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2305-2066</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5049</issn><publisher><publisher-name>LLC «CPHA»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33380/2305-2066-2025-14-2-1869</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pharmjournal-2066</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФАРМАЦЕВТИЧЕСКАЯ ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHARMACEUTICAL TECHNOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние ультразвука при экстракции Fucus vesiculosus на кинетику деградации фукоидана и его свойства</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Influence of ultrasound extraction of Fucus vesiculosus on the kinetics of fucoidan degradation and its properties</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4456-656X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Облучинская</surname><given-names>Е. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Obluchinskaya</surname><given-names>E. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>183038, г. Мурманск, ул. Владимирская, д. 17</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>17, Vladimirskaya str., Murmansk, 183038</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1061-0665</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пожарицкая</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pozharitskaya</surname><given-names>O. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>183038, г. Мурманск, ул. Владимирская, д. 17</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>17, Vladimirskaya str., Murmansk, 183038</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olgapozhar@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Мурманский морской биологический институт Российской академии наук (ММБИ РАН)</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Murmansk Marine Biological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (MMBI RAS)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>112</fpage><lpage>121</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Облучинская Е.Д., Пожарицкая О.Н., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Облучинская Е.Д., Пожарицкая О.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Obluchinskaya E.D., Pozharitskaya O.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.pharmjournal.ru/jour/article/view/2066">https://www.pharmjournal.ru/jour/article/view/2066</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Перспективным источником для выделения фукоидана является Fucus vesiculosus L. – широко распространенный вид бурых водорослей. В последние годы активно изучается возможность применения фукоидана в медицине и фармации. Метод извлечения полисахаридов существенно влияет на их характеристики и функции. Для повышения эффективности экстракции широко исследуется возможность использования ультразвука (УЗ).</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Изучение влияния времени низкочастотной УЗ-экстракции бурых водорослей F. vesiculosus на кинетику деградации фукоидана и его свойства.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В качестве сырья использовали свежемороженые бурые водоросли F. vesiculosus. УЗ-экстракцию проводили с помощью ультразвуковой установки УЗТА-0,4/22-ОМ с частотой колебаний 22 кГц и при температуре 25 °С. Экстракт получали при температуре 60 °С методом динамической мацерации. Гомогенность и молекулярную массу фукоидана анализировали методом высокоэффективной эксклюзионной хроматографии (ВЭЭХ). ИК-фурье-спектры фукоидана получали на спектрометре VERTEX 70. Количественное определение фукозы и сульфатов выполнено ВЭЖХ и спектрофотометрическим методом соответственно. Антиоксидантную активность (АОА) фукоидана оценивали с использованием теста железовосстанавливающей антиоксидантной способности (FRAP). Математическую и статистическую обработку результатов выполняли в соответствии с требованиями Государственной фармакопеи (ГФ) РФ XV издания с помощью программного обеспечения MO Excel 2007.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. Рассчитанная скорость деградации фукоидана составила 19,5 %/ч. Константа скорости реакции и период полураспада, рассчитанные по модели второго порядка (R2 &gt; 0,97), составили 5,8 · 10–6 моль/(г · мин) и 110 мин. УЗ-деградация фукоидана происходила преимущественно за счет случайного разрыва цепи (R2 &gt; 0,98). Методом ИК-фурье-спектрометрии установлено, что предварительные структуры фукоидана без УЗ-обработки и после экстракции с УЗ-обработкой не были изменены. Анализ антиоксидантной активности показал, что фукоидан после УЗ-экстракции, несмотря на снижение молекулярной массы, демонстрировал значительную антиоксидантную активность in vitro.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Впервые показано изменение структурных и антиоксидантных свойств фукоидана, вызванное низкочастотной УЗ-обработкой при экстракции. УЗ-экстракция фукоидана приводит к снижению средней молекулярной массы и деградации фукоидана без значительного разрушения сульфатных групп. В целом это исследование показывает, что низкочастотная ультразвуковая экстракция, которая является мягким, экологичным методом, осуществляемым за короткий промежуток времени, может быть эффективно использована для экстракции фукоидана без критического изменения молекулярной массы и антиоксидантной активности.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. A promising source for isolating fucoidan is Fucus vesiculosus L., a widespread species of brown algae. In recent years, the possibility of using fucoidan in medicine and pharmacy has been widely studied. The method of extracting polysaccharides significantly affects their characteristics and properties. To improve extraction efficiency, the possibility of using ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) has recently been widely explored.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. Study of the influence of the time of low-frequency UAE of brown algae F. vesiculosus on the kinetics of fucoidan degradation and its properties.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Fresh frozen brown algae F. vesiculosus L. were used as raw material. UAE was carried out at an oscillation frequency of 22 kHz and a temperature of 25 °C. The extract was obtained at a temperature of 60 °C using the dynamic maceration method. The homogeneity and molecular weight of fucoidan were analyzed by high-performance size exclusion chromatography (HPSEC). FT-IR spectra of fucoidan were obtained on a VERTEX 70 spectrometer. Quantitative determination of fucose and sulfates was performed using a spectrophotometric method. The antioxidant activity (AOA) of fucoidan was assessed using FRAP test. Mathematical and statistical processing of the results was carried out in accordance with Russian Federation Pharmacopeia XV edition using MO Excel 2007 software.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. The calculated rate of fucoidan degradation was 19.5 %/h. The reaction rate constant and half-life calculated using the second-order model (R2 &gt; 0.97) were 5.8 · 10–6 mol/(g · min) and 110 min. Ultrasonic degradation of fucoidan occurred predominantly due to random scission model (R2 &gt; 0,98). Using FTIR spectrometry, it was found that the preliminary structures of fucoidan without ultrasound and after ultrasound extraction were not changed. Analysis of antioxidant activity showed that fucoidan after ultrasonic extraction, despite a decrease in molecular weight, demonstrated significant antioxidant activity in vitro.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. For the first time, a change in the conformational and antioxidant properties of fucoidan caused by low-frequency UAE was shown. UAE of fucoidan leads to a decrease in average molecular weight and degradation of fucoidan without significant destruction of sulfate groups. Overall, this study shows that the low frequency ultrasonic extraction, which is a gentle, environmentally friendly method that can be completed in a short period, can be effectively used to extract fucoidan without critically changing the molecular weight and antioxidant activity.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>фукоидан</kwd><kwd>ультразвук</kwd><kwd>активность</kwd><kwd>кинетика деградации</kwd><kwd>экстракция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>fucoidan</kwd><kwd>ultrasound</kwd><kwd>activity</kwd><kwd>degradation kinetics</kwd><kwd>extraction</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке Министерства науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации в рамках государственного задания Мурманскому морскому биологическому институту РАН (№ гос. регистрации 124013000732-7).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was funded by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation within the framework of the Government Assignment to the Murmansk Marine Biological Institute Russian Academy of Sciences (State Reg. 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