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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pharmjournal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Разработка и регистрация лекарственных средств</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Drug development &amp; registration</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2305-2066</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5049</issn><publisher><publisher-name>LLC «CPHA»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33380/2305-2066-2026-15-3-2368</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pharmjournal-2430</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФАРМАЦЕВТИЧЕСКАЯ ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHARMACEUTICAL TECHNOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Современные подходы к разработке лекарственных форм паклитаксела: проблемы и перспективы (обзор)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Current approaches to paclitaxel formulation development: challenges and future perspectives (review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0535-6602</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баразова</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Barazova</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>127051, г. Москва, Петровский бульвар, д. 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>8/2, Petrovsky bul'var, Moscow, 127051</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Basbarazova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9649-716X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Овсиенко</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ovsienko</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>127051, г. Москва, Петровский бульвар, д. 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>8/2, Petrovsky bul'var, Moscow, 127051</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1762-3740</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Беседина</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Besedina</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115409, г. Москва, Каширское шоссе, д. 31</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>31, Kashirskoe shosse, Moscow, 115409</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2734-5036</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савченко</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savchenko</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115409, г. Москва, Каширское шоссе, д. 31</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>31, Kashirskoe shosse, Moscow, 115409</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3128-8025</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хайменов</surname><given-names>А. Я.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khaymenov</surname><given-names>A. Ya.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115409, г. Москва, Каширское шоссе, д. 31</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>31, Kashirskoe shosse, Moscow, 115409</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Научный центр экспертизы средств медицинского применения» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (ФГБУ «НЦЭСМП» Минздрава России)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products (SCEEMP)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Национальный исследовательский ядерный университет "МИФИ"». Инженерно-физический институт биомедицины</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute). Institute of Engineering Physics for Biomedicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>86</fpage><lpage>98</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Баразова А.С., Овсиенко С.В., Беседина Н.А., Савченко А.Ю., Хайменов А.Я., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Баразова А.С., Овсиенко С.В., Беседина Н.А., Савченко А.Ю., Хайменов А.Я.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Barazova A.S., Ovsienko S.V., Besedina N.A., Savchenko A.Y., Khaymenov A.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.pharmjournal.ru/jour/article/view/2430">https://www.pharmjournal.ru/jour/article/view/2430</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Паклитаксел – противоопухолевый препарат растительного происхождения, демонстрирующий высокий потенциал в лечении широкого спектра злокачественных новообразований. Однако свойства паклитаксела, такие как его низкая растворимость в воде, плохая пероральная биодоступность, а также высокая токсичность, создают значительные трудности в разработке стабильных препаратов, ограничивая его клиническое применение. В связи с этим в настоящее время активно ведется поиск новых технологий, которые позволят увеличить эффективность терапии препаратами паклитаксела и снизить влияние токсических эффектов на организм человека.</p></sec><sec><title>Текст</title><p>Текст. Паклитаксел считается одним из наиболее востребованных препаратов в современной онкологии. Механизм его противоопухолевого действия основан на способности воздействовать на тубулин, стимулируя сборку микротрубочек, стабилизировать их, таким образом мешая их диссоциации, что приводит к блокаде митоза и последующей гибели клеток. Паклитаксел обладает сложной химической структурой, которая включает различные функциональные группы: сложноэфирные связи, таксановое кольцо, ароматические фрагменты. Данные элементы молекулы определяют противоопухолевую активность паклитаксела и его физико-химические свойства. Согласно биофармацевтической классификационной системе (Biopharmaceutics Classification System, BCS) паклитаксел относится к IV классу и характеризуется низкой растворимостью и низкой проницаемостью через стенки кишечника. Лекарственные вещества этого класса считаются самыми сложными для разработки препаратов и обладают крайне низкой биодоступностью. Низкая растворимость, плохая биодоступность и высокая токсичность паклитаксела создают сложности в фармацевтической разработке. Склонность паклитаксела к полиморфизму также может оказывать влияние на стабильность и биофармацевтические свойства готовых лекарственных форм. Например, выбор полиморфной формы может иметь принципиальное значение для эффективности и безопасности не только противоопухолевых препаратов, но и медицинских изделий с покрытием паклитаксела, используемых в терапии сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний, в частности рестеноза после ангиопластики. Несмотря на наличие ряда препаратов, которые успешно применяются в клинической практике, разработка новых лекарственных форм активно продолжается. Перед современными исследователями стоят задачи повышения биодоступности паклитаксела и снижения его токсического влияния на организм человека.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Сложности, связанные с разработкой препаратов паклитаксела, носят комплексный характер. Исследуются новые стратегии лечения злокачественных опухолей с применением паклитаксела, изучаются новые составы препаратов и их комбинации. Настоящий обзор посвящен анализу современных исследований в области разработки новых лекарственных форм паклитаксела.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Paclitaxel is a plant-derived antineoplastic agent with high potential in the treatment a wide range of malignant neoplasms. However, the unique properties of paclitaxel – low aqueous solubility, poor oral bioavailability, and high toxicity – create considerable challenges in the development of stable formulations, substantially limiting its clinical application. Therefore, there is an active ongoing search for novel technologies capable of enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of paclitaxel while reducing the impact of toxic effects on the human body.</p></sec><sec><title>Text</title><p>Text. Paclitaxel is one of the most widely used drugs for the treatment in modern oncology. Its antitumor mechanism of action is based on its ability to act on tubulin, stimulating the assembly of microtubules, stabilizing them, and thus preventing their dissociation, which leads to mitotic arrest and subsequent cell death. Paclitaxel possesses a complex structure comprising various functional groups, including ester linkages, a taxane ring, and aromatic moieties. These molecular elements determine paclitaxel's anticancer activity as well as its physicochemical properties. Paclitaxel belongs to Class IV according to the Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) and has low solubility and low intestinal permeability. Drug substances of this class are the most challenging for formulation development and exhibit extremely low bioavailability. The low solubility, poor bioavailability, and high toxicity of paclitaxel pose significant challenges in pharmaceutical development. Furthermore, the polymorphism of paclitaxel can also have a significant influence on stability and biopharmaceutical properties of finished dosage forms. For example, the choice of polymorphic form can be of fundamental importance for the efficacy and safety not only of antitumor drugs but also of paclitaxel coated medical devices used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, in particular restenosis after angioplasty. Despite the availability of formulations successfully used in clinical practice, the development of new ones continues to this day. Nowadays, researchers face the task of enhancing paclitaxel's bioavailability while reducing its toxic effects on the human body.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The challenges in developing paclitaxel formulations are multifaceted. New strategies for treating malignant tumors using paclitaxel are in place, and novel drug compositions and combinations are under investigation. This work reviews contemporary studies focused on the development of new dosage forms of paclitaxel.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>биодоступность</kwd><kwd>лекарственные формы</kwd><kwd>нанопрепараты</kwd><kwd>онкология</kwd><kwd>паклитаксел</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bioavailability</kwd><kwd>dosage forms</kwd><kwd>nanopharmaceuticals</kwd><kwd>oncology</kwd><kwd>paclitaxel</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bray F., Laversanne M., Sung H., Ferlay J., Siegel R. L., Soerjomataram I., Jemal A. Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians. 2024;74(3):229–263. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21834</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bray F., Laversanne M., Sung H., Ferlay J., Siegel R. 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