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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pharmjournal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Разработка и регистрация лекарственных средств</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Drug development &amp; registration</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2305-2066</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5049</issn><publisher><publisher-name>LLC «CPHA»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33380/2305-2066-2026-15-3-2152</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pharmjournal-2436</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РЕГУЛЯТОРНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REGULATORY ISSUES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Подходы к оценке экологического воздействия лекарственных средств (обзор)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Approaches to assessing the environmental impact of pharmaceuticals (review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6063-8374</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Головин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Golovin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119048, г. Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>8/2, Trubetskaya str., Mosсow, 119048</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">avg@vmin.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4901-4625</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пятигорская</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pyatigorskaya</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119048, г. Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>8/2, Trubetskaya str., Mosсow, 119048</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2294-4566</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лосева</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Loseva</surname><given-names>S. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119048, г. Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>8/2, Trubetskaya str., Mosсow, 119048</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2441-3542</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аладышева</surname><given-names>Ж. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aladysheva</surname><given-names>Zh. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119048, г. Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>8/2, Trubetskaya str., Mosсow, 119048</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9038-8720</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зырянов</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zyryanov</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119048, г. Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>8/2, Trubetskaya str., Mosсow, 119048</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1056-6337</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гринин</surname><given-names>М. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grinin</surname><given-names>M. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119048, г. Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>8/2, Trubetskaya str., Mosсow, 119048</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И. М. Сеченова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>271</fpage><lpage>284</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Головин А.В., Пятигорская Н.В., Лосева С.А., Аладышева Ж.И., Зырянов О.А., Гринин М.Г., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Головин А.В., Пятигорская Н.В., Лосева С.А., Аладышева Ж.И., Зырянов О.А., Гринин М.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Golovin A.V., Pyatigorskaya N.V., Loseva S.А., Aladysheva Z.I., Zyryanov O.A., Grinin M.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.pharmjournal.ru/jour/article/view/2436">https://www.pharmjournal.ru/jour/article/view/2436</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Фармацевтическая промышленность, обеспечивая здоровье населения, одновременно создает значительные экологические риски. В статье рассматриваются современные подходы к оценке воздействия лекарственных средств на окружающую среду в различных регуляторных системах. Это воздействие проявляется через выбросы загрязняющих веществ в воздух, сброс сточных вод, образование твердых отходов и потребление значительных объемов природных ресурсов в качестве исходного сырья химических и биологических субстанций. Кроме того, лекарственные средства и их метаболиты попадают в окружающую среду после употребления пациентами. Также актуальна проблема безопасного сбора и утилизации лекарственных средств, находящихся в гражданском обороте. Комплекс экологических проблем, связанных с лекарственными средствами, находится в фокусе международных организаций, таких как Организация сотрудничества и экономического развития (ОЭСР) или Программа Организации Объединенных Наций по окружающей среде (ЮНЕП). Экспертные группы в их рамках оценивают ситуацию с загрязнением окружающей среды лекарственными средствами как угрожающую. Проблема загрязнения лекарственными средствами требует применения подхода, охватывающего весь жизненный цикл препаратов – от разработки и регистрации до потребления и утилизации. Основное внимание должно быть уделено мерам предотвращения загрязнения: разработке «зеленых» препаратов, ограничению использования веществ с высоким экологическим риском, созданию программ утилизации лекарственных средств, модернизации очистных сооружений и просветительским кампаниям.</p></sec><sec><title>Текст</title><p>Текст. Целью представленного обзора является проведение сравнительного анализа методов оценки экологических рисков, применяемых в Европейском союзе (ЕС), США и России. В ЕС используется двухэтапная система оценки (первичный скрининг и детальный анализ), регламентированная Европейским агентством по лекарственным средствам (European Medicines Agency, EMA). В США Управление по санитарному надзору за качеством пищевых продуктов и медикаментов (Food and Drug Administration, FDA) применяет механизм категорических исключений, что делает систему более гибкой. Действующее в России природоохранное законодательство регламентирует порядок обращения с отходами и нормирует воздействие на окружающую среду, тогда как комплексная оценка рисков жизненного цикла препаратов отсутствует.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Применение международного опыта, включая поэтапное внедрение регуляторных требований к оценке экологических рисков лекарственных средств, может способствовать развитию более устойчивой фармацевтической отрасли в России.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The pharmaceutical industry, while ensuring public health, simultaneously creates significant environmental risks. The article discusses modern approaches to assessing the impact of drugs on the environment in various regulatory systems. This impact is manifested through emissions of pollutants into the air, wastewater discharge, solid waste generation and consumption of significant volumes of natural resources as raw materials for chemical and biological substances. In addition, drugs and their metabolites enter the environment after use by patients. The problem of safe collection and disposal of drugs in civil circulation is also relevant. The complex of environmental problems associated with drugs is the focus of international organizations such as the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) or the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). Expert groups within their framework assess the situation with environmental pollution by drugs as threatening. The problem of drug pollution requires the use of an approach covering the entire life cycle of drugs – from development and registration to consumption and disposal. The focus should be on pollution prevention measures: developing "green" drugs, limiting the use of substances with high environmental risks, creating drug disposal programs, upgrading treatment facilities, and educational campaigns.</p></sec><sec><title>Text</title><p>Text. The objective of this review is to conduct a comparative analysis of environmental risk assessment methods used in the European Union (EU), the United States, and Russia. The EU uses a two-stage assessment system (primary screening and detailed analysis) regulated by the European Medicines Agency (EMA). In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) applies a categorical exclusion mechanism, which makes the system more flexible. The current environmental legislation in Russia regulates waste management and sets standards for the impact on the environment, while there is no comprehensive risk assessment of the life cycle of drugs.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The use of international experience, including the phased implementation of regulatory requirements for the assessment of environmental risks of drugs, can contribute to the development of a more sustainable pharmaceutical industry in Russia.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>экологические риски</kwd><kwd>лекарственные средства</kwd><kwd>оценка рисков</kwd><kwd>фармацевтическая промышленность</kwd><kwd>регуляторная наука</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Granik® drug</kwd><kwd>indolinone derivative GRS</kwd><kwd>safety</kwd><kwd>pharmacokinetics</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sheldon R. A. E factors, green chemistry and catalysis: an odyssey. Chemical Communications. 2008;44(29):3352–3365. https://doi.org/10.1039/b803584a</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sheldon R. A. 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