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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pharmjournal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Разработка и регистрация лекарственных средств</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Drug development &amp; registration</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2305-2066</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5049</issn><publisher><publisher-name>LLC «CPHA»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33380/2305-2066-2026-15-4-2401</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pharmjournal-2474</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПОИСК И РАЗРАБОТКА НОВЫХ ЛЕКАРСТВЕННЫХ СРЕДСТВ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OF NEW DRUG PRODUCTS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительный анализ химического состава и фармакологической активности Myrtus communis L. и Myrtus communis var. microphylla Willk.</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative analysis of the chemical composition and pharmacological activity of Myrtus communis L. and Myrtus communis var. microphylla Willk.</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5725-600X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юлмухаметова</surname><given-names>Г. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yulmukhametova</surname><given-names>G. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>450008, Республика Башкортостан, г. Уфа, ул. Ленина, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3, Lenina str., Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, 450008</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0280-143X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кудашкина</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kudashkina</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>450008, Республика Башкортостан, г. Уфа, ул. Ленина, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3, Lenina str., Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, 450008</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7000-8014</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хасанова</surname><given-names>С. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khasanova</surname><given-names>S. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>450008, Республика Башкортостан, г. Уфа, ул. Ленина, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3, Lenina str., Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, 450008</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2615-7167</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смолярчук</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smolyarchuk</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119048, г. Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>8/2, Trubetskaya str., Mosсow, 119048</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9753-1315</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Акпаева</surname><given-names>К. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akpaeva</surname><given-names>K. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>010000, г. Астана, ул. Бейбитшилик, д. 49А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>49A, Beibitshilik str., Astana, 010000</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8979-9135</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крылова</surname><given-names>И. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krylova</surname><given-names>I. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119048, г. Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>8/2, Trubetskaya str., Mosсow, 119048</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6809-5892</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Корунас</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korunas</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119048, г. Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>8/2, Trubetskaya str., Mosсow, 119048</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9302-499X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Самородов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Samorodov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>117216, г. Москва, ул. Грина, д. 7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>7, Grina str., Moscow, 117216</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">AVSamorodov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Башкирский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (ФГБОУ ВО БГМУ Минздрава России)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Bashkir State Medical University" of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation (FSBEI HE BSMU MOH Russia)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И. М. Сеченова Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I. M. Sechenov First MSMU of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Некоммерческое акционерное общество «Медицинский университет Астана»</institution><country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Astana Medical University</institution><country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт лекарственных и ароматических растений» (ФГБНУ ВИЛАР)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>0</issue><issue-title>Принято в печать</issue-title><elocation-id>2474</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Юлмухаметова Г.Р., Кудашкина Н.В., Хасанова С.Р., Смолярчук Е.А., Акпаева К.М., Крылова И.Д., Корунас В.И., Самородов А.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Юлмухаметова Г.Р., Кудашкина Н.В., Хасанова С.Р., Смолярчук Е.А., Акпаева К.М., Крылова И.Д., Корунас В.И., Самородов А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yulmukhametova G.R., Kudashkina N.V., Khasanova S.R., Smolyarchuk E.A., Akpaeva K.M., Krylova I.D., Korunas V.I., Samorodov A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.pharmjournal.ru/jour/article/view/2474">https://www.pharmjournal.ru/jour/article/view/2474</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Мирт обыкновенный (Myrtus communis L.) широко распространен в Средиземноморском регионе и культивируется во многих странах мира, включая Российскую Федерацию. Внутри вида Myrtus communis L. выделяют несколько разновидностей. Наиболее известны такие разновидности, как мирт обыкновенный (M. communis L.) и мирт мелколистный (M. communis var. microphylla Willk.).</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Сравнительный анализ компонентного состава мирта обыкновенного (Myrtus communis L.) и мелколистного (Myrtus communis var. microphylla Willk.) в извлечениях, полученных с использованием растворителей различной полярности (петролейный эфир, гексан, метанол), для выявления хемотаксономических маркеров и оценка антиагрегантной и антиоксидантной активности водных извлечений из листьев Myrtus communis L. и Myrtus communis var. microphylla Willk.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Объектами исследования служили высушенные листья M. communis и M. communis var. microphylla, собранные в 2024–2025 гг. в учебно-опытном хозяйстве (лимонарии) ГБПОУ «Уфимский лесотехнический техникум». Для исследования химического состава экстракцию проводили с использованием различных растворителей: петролейного эфира, гексана и метанола. Анализ компонентного состава выполняли методом газовой хромато-масс-спектрометрии (ГХ-МС) на хроматографе Agilent 8890GC с масс-спектрометром Agilent 5977В. Для фармакологических исследований использовали настои, полученные по фармакопейной методике. Фармакологическую активность изучали по влиянию на гемостаз (агрегация тромбоцитов, АПТВ) и оценивая их антиоксидантные свойства (хемилюминесценция на моделях генерации АФК, ПОЛ и активности макрофагов).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. В листьях M. communis и M. communis var. microphylla идентифицировано от 10 до 20 компонентов. Установлено, что содержание миртенилацетата характерно только для M. communis var. microphylla во всех исследованных извлечениях: в гексане (12,78 %), метаноле (5,59 %) и петролейном эфире (2,44 %). M. communis и M. communis var. microphylla содержат β-ситостерин (10–12 % в гексане), витамин Е (3–6 %) и эйкозан (6–13 %). Фармакологические исследования выявили умеренную антиагрегантную активность M. communis и M. communis var. microphylla: увеличение латентного периода на 5,2–6,5 %, снижение скорости агрегации на 8,7–10,3 %. M. communis var. microphylla проявил более выраженную антиоксидантную активность (снижение ПОЛ на 12,1–12,4 % для M. communis var. microphylla, на 6,2–10,4 % – M. communis).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Полученные данные расширяют представления о внутривидовой вариабельности вида M. communis и могут быть использованы для разработки нормативной документации на сырье различных разновидностей мирта, а также для создания фитопрепаратов с антиагрегантными и антиоксидантными свойствами.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Myrtle (Myrtus communis L.) is widespread in the Mediterranean region and is cultivated in many countries of the world, including the Russian Federation. There are several varieties within the Myrtus communis L. species. The most well-known varieties are common myrtle (M. communis L.) and small-leaved myrtle (M. communis var. microphylla Willk.).</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. A comparative analysis of the component composition of common myrtle (Myrtus communis L.) and small-leaved myrtle (Myrtus communis var. microphylla Willk.) in extracts of varying polarity (petroleum ether, hexane, methanol) to identify chemotaxonomic markers and evaluate the antiplatelet and antioxidant activity of aqueous extracts from the leaves of Myrtus communis L. and Myrtus communis var. microphylla Willk.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The subjects of the study were dried leaves of M. communis and M. communis var. microphylla, collected in 2024–2025 at the educational experimental farm (limonarium) of the Ufa Forest Technical College. To analyze the chemical composition, extraction was performed using various solvents: petroleum ether, hexane, and methanol. The component composition was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) on an Agilent 8890GC chromatograph coupled with an Agilent 5977B mass spectrometer. For pharmacological studies, infusions were prepared according to pharmacopoeial methods. Pharmacological activity was studied using hemostasis models (platelet aggregation, APTT) and antioxidant activity (chemiluminescence in models of ROS generation, lipid peroxidation, and macrophage activity).</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. In the extracts of M. communis and M. communis var. microphylla, between 10 and 20 components were identified. It was established that the content of myrtenyl acetate is characteristic only for M. communis var. microphylla in all studied extracts: in hexane (12.78 %), methanol (5.59 %), and petroleum ether (2.44 %). M. communis and M. communis var. microphylla contain β-sitosterol (10–12 % in hexane), vitamin E (3–6 %), and eicosane (6–13 %). Pharmacological studies revealed moderate anti-aggregant activity of M. communis and M. communis var. microphylla: an increase in the latency period by 5.2–6.5 % and a decrease in aggregation rate by 8.7–10.3 %. M. communis var. microphylla exhibited more pronounced antioxidant activity (reduction of lipid peroxidation by 12.1–12.4 % for M. communis var. microphylla, and by 6.2–10.4 % for M. communis).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The obtained data expand the understanding of intraspecific variability of the species M. communis and can be used for the development of regulatory documentation on raw materials from various varieties of myrtle, as well as for the creation of phytopreparations with antiplatelet and antioxidant properties.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Myrtus communis L.</kwd><kwd>мирт обыкновенный</kwd><kwd>Myrtus communis var. microphylla Willk.</kwd><kwd>мирт мелколистный</kwd><kwd>ГХ-МС</kwd><kwd>миртенилацетат</kwd><kwd>антиоксидантная активность</kwd><kwd>антиагрегантная активность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Myrtus communis L.</kwd><kwd>common myrtle</kwd><kwd>Myrtus communis var. microphylla Willk.</kwd><kwd>small-leaved myrtle</kwd><kwd>GC-MS</kwd><kwd>myrtenyl acetate</kwd><kwd>antioxidant activity</kwd><kwd>antiplatelet activity</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследования выполнены по теме ФГБНУ ВИЛАР «Проведение доклинических исследований лекарственных средств растительного происхождения» (шифр темы FGUU-2025-0003).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was carried out on the topic "Conducting preclinical studies of medicines of plant origin" (topic code FGUU-2025-0003, All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Коновалов Д. 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