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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pharmjournal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Разработка и регистрация лекарственных средств</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Drug development &amp; registration</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2305-2066</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5049</issn><publisher><publisher-name>LLC «CPHA»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33380/2305-2066-2020-9-3-158-165</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pharmjournal-783</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДОКЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ И КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PRECLINICAL AND CLINICAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ингибирование фермента дипептидилпептидазы-4 после перорального введения кроликам экстракта гонад морских ежей (Strongylocentrotus droebahiensis) как возможный биомаркер фармакокинетики</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Dypeptydylpeptidase IV Activity Ingibition after Oral Administration to Rabbits of Strongylocentrotus Droebahiensis Gonads Extract as Possible Biomarker of Pharmakokinetics</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9690-1935</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Косман</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kosman</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Косман Вера Михайловна - руководитель группы химико-аналитических исследований, старший научный сотрудник, кандидат фармацевтических наук.</p><p>188663, Ленинградская обл., Всеволожский р-н, Кузьмоловский п., ул. Заводская, д. 3, к. 245.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vera M. Kosman.</p><p>3/245, Zavodskaya str., Kuzmolovsky, Vsevolozhsk district, Leningrad region, 188663.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kosman.vm@doclinika.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6866-5741</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фаустова</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Faustova</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Фаустова Наталья.</p><p>188663, Ленинградская обл., Всеволожский р-н, Кузьмоловский п., ул. Заводская, д. 3, к. 245.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natal'ya M. Faustova.</p><p>3/245, Zavodskaya str., Kuzmolovsky, Vsevolozhsk district, Leningrad region, 188663.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">faustova.nm@doclinika.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0833-3371</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Уракова (Ампилогова)</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Urakova</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Уракова (Ампилогова) Ирина.</p><p>188663, Ленинградская обл., Всеволожский р-н, Кузьмоловский п., ул. Заводская, д. 3, к. 245.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina N. Urakova.</p><p>3/245, Zavodskaya str., Kuzmolovsky, Vsevolozhsk district, Leningrad region, 188663.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ampiligova.in@doclinika.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6292-8934</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карлина</surname><given-names>М. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karlina</surname><given-names>M. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Карлина Марина.</p><p>188663, Ленинградская обл., Всеволожский р-н, Кузьмоловский п., ул. Заводская, д. 3, к. 245.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina N. Karlina.</p><p>3/245, Zavodskaya str., Kuzmolovsky, Vsevolozhsk district, Leningrad region, 188663.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">karlina.mv@doclinika.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2447-7888</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макаров</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarov</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Макаров Валерий.</p><p>188663, Ленинградская обл., Всеволожский р-н, Кузьмоловский п., ул. Заводская, д. 3, к. 245.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valerij G. Makarov.</p><p>3/245, Zavodskaya str., Kuzmolovsky, Vsevolozhsk district, Leningrad region, 188663.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">makarov.vg@doclinika.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ЗАО «Санкт-Петербургский институт фармации»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint-Petersburg Institute of Pharmacy</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>06</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>158</fpage><lpage>165</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Косман В.М., Фаустова Н.М., Уракова (Ампилогова) И.Н., Карлина М.Н., Макаров В.Г., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Косман В.М., Фаустова Н.М., Уракова (Ампилогова) И.Н., Карлина М.Н., Макаров В.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kosman V.M., Faustova N.M., Urakova I.N., Karlina M.N., Makarov V.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.pharmjournal.ru/jour/article/view/783">https://www.pharmjournal.ru/jour/article/view/783</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Оценка фармакокинетического профиля действующих веществ является необходимым этапом разработки лекарственного препарата. Исследованный в работе экстракт представляет собой комплекс биологически активных соединений, выделенных из гонад морских ежей Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis Баренцева моря, содержащий в своем составе пептидные соединения, жирные кислоты, каротиноиды и токоферолы. Выявлена ингибирующая активность экстракта гонад морских ежей в отношении фермента дипептидилпептидазы-4 (ДПП-4). Традиционные подходы к изучению фармакокинетики, основанные на применении хроматографических методов, зачастую не являются эффективными для таких комплексных объектов; альтернативой могут служить методы иммуноферментного анализа.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Цель исследования - поиск подходов к изучению фармакокинетики экстракта гонад морских ежей на кроликах после его перорального введения в трех дозах.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Для характеристики химического состава образцов экстракта гонад морских ежей и определения содержания возможных целевых аналитов в биопробах использованы спектрофотометрические и хроматографические (ВЭЖХ и ТСХ) методы. Изучение фармакокинетики проводили на самцах кроликов после однократного перорального введения экстракта гонад морских ежей. Была установлена корреляция между его концентрацией в плазме крови и биологической активностью, в качестве маркера которой использована активность фермента ДПП-4. Активность фермента определяли хромогенным оптическим методом.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. Охарактеризованы основные группы биологически активных веществ в составе экстракта гонад морских ежей. Содержание пептидов составило 15-22 %, содержание а-токоферола - 0,05-0,15 %, суммарное содержание токоферолов - 0,23-0,38 %, содержание каротиноидов - 0,005-0,07 %, содержание суммы жирных кислот в пересчете на линоленовую кислоту - 11,03-12,74 %. В связи с низким содержанием биологически активных веществ различных классов и отсутствием доминирующих компонентов оптимальным для изучения фармакокинетики признан подход, базирующийся на корреляции между активностью специфического маркера (активность фермента ДПП-4) и концентрацией экстракта в плазме крови. Разработана методика количественного определения экстракта гонад морских ежей в плазме крови кроликов по активности фермента ДПП-4. Методика валидирована по параметрам: селективность, нижний предел количественного определения, диапазон линейности, точность, прецизионность. Изучена фармакокинетика экстракта гонад морских ежей в плазме крови после перорального введения кроликам в диапазоне доз 5-25 мг/кг. Средняя максимальная концентрация (Cmax) в зависимости от дозы была 37-115 мкг/мл, площадь под фармакокинетической кривой (AUC0-24) - 193-594 ч • мкг/мл, время достижения максимальной концентрации (Tmax) составило 3-3,5 ч, период полувыведения (Т1/2) - 7,9-9,9 ч, среднее время удержания (MRT) - 11-14 ч.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. С помощью нетрадиционного подхода, основанного на корреляции активности специфического маркера (ДПП-4) и концентрации препарата, охарактеризована фармакокинетика экстракта гонад морских ежей после однократного перорального введения кроликам. Схожие подходы могут быть эффективны для многокомпонентных природных смесей, которые затруднительно или невозможно анализировать на основе традиционных хроматографических (ВЭЖХ-УФ/ФЛ/МС, ГХ-МС и др.) методов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The pharmacokinetic profiling of active compounds is necessary for drug development and application. Comlex extract of biologically active compounds was isolated from gonads of green sea urchin Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis from Barents Sea. It contains fatty acids, carotenoids and tocopherols and have inhibition activity to ensyme dypeptydylpeptidase IV (DPP-4). Traditional approaches to pharmacokinetic study based on chromatographic methods are not effective for such complex mixtures because they had not enough selectivity and sensitivity. Methods of immunoassay for special enzyme, bioassay, etc. may be used as an alternative way.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. The aim: to find approach to pharmacokinetic study of sea urchin gonads extract in rabbits after a three doses oral administration.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Various spectroscopic and chromatographic (HPLC and TLC) methods were used for chemical characteristic of sea urchin gonads extract ant different target analytes quantification in biosamples. The pharmacokinetic of sea urchin gonads extract was studied after single dose oral administration to male rabbits. The correlation between concentration of sea urchin gonads extract in the blood plasma and its biological activity marked by DPP-4 activity was established. The activity of DPP-4 was determined by the chromogenic optical method.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. Main groups of sea urchin gonads extract chemical compounds were characterized. Total peptides content was 15-22 %; a-tocopherol content - 0.05-0.15 %, total tocopherols content - 0.23-0.38 %; total carotenoid content - 0.005-0.07 %; total fatty acids content calculated to linolenic acid - 11,03 to 12,74 %. After sea urchin gonads extract chemical composition results it was established that concentrations of identified individual biologically active compound are low, there is no dominant compound or group of compounds responsible for pharmacological activity of sea urchin gonads extract which may be unambiguously chosen as target analyte for its pharmacokinetic study. Approach based on correlation of special marker activity (DPP-4) and extract concentration appears to be the best for pharmacokinetic study of complex extract from green sea urchin gonads. The method for the quantitative determination of sea urchin gonads extract in the blood plasma of rabbits by its effect on DPP-4 activity was developed. The method was validated by parameters: selectivity, lower limit of quantification, linearity range, accuracy, and precision. The pharmacokinetics was linear in the dose range of 5-25 mg/kg after oral administration. The mean maximal concentration in plasma (Cmax) was dose dependent and it was 37.12-114.71 pg/mL for various doses, area under the curve (AUC0-24) was 192.92-597.14 h • pg/mL, mean time to reach maximum plasma concentration (Tmax) was 3-3.5 h, half-life (T1/2) was 7.88-9.89 h, and the mean retention time (MRT) was 1.73-14.31.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. After nontraditional approach based on correlation of special marker activity (DPP-4) and active substance concentration the plasma pharmacokinetics of sea urchin gonads extract after oral administration to the rabbits in three doses was characterized. Similar approaches may be effective for compounds and complex mixtures when it is difficult or impossible to analyze them traditionally by chromatographic (HPLC-UV/FL/MS, GC-MS, etc.) methods.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>активность дипептидилпептидазы-4</kwd><kwd>Strongylocentrotus droebahiensis</kwd><kwd>экстракт гонад</kwd><kwd>фармакокинетика</kwd><kwd>кролики</kwd><kwd>плазма</kwd><kwd>линейность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>dipeptidyl peptidase IV activity</kwd><kwd>Strongylocentrotus droebahiensis</kwd><kwd>gonads extract</kwd><kwd>pharmacokinetic</kwd><kwd>rabbits</kwd><kwd>plasma</kwd><kwd>linearity</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pozharitskaya O. N., Shikov A. N., Laakso I., Sappanen-Laakso T., Makarenko I. E., Faustova N. M., Makarova M. N., Makarov V. G. 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