pharmjournalРазработка и регистрация лекарственных средствDrug development & registration2305-20662658-5049LLC «CPHA»10.33380/2305-2066-2021-10-1-57-66pharmjournal-847Research ArticleФАРМАЦЕВТИЧЕСКАЯ ТЕХНОЛОГИЯPHARMACEUTICAL TECHNOLOGYСистемы доставки офтальмологических препаратов (обзор)Ophthalmic Drug Delivery Systems (Review)https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8695-0346БахрушинаЕ. О.BakhrushinaE. O.

119991, г. Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2

Elena O. Bakhrushina

8/2, Trubetskaya str., Mosсow, 119991

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7649-9616АнуроваМ. Н.AnurovaM. N.

Анурова Мария Николаевна

119991, г. Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2

Maria N. Anurova

8/2, Trubetskaya str., Mosсow, 119991

amn25@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4307-8791ДеминаН. Б.DeminaN. B.

119991, г. Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2

Natalia B. Demina

8/2, Trubetskaya str., Mosсow, 119991

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1590-7268ЛапикИ. В.LapikI. V.

119991, г. Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2

Ivan V. Lapik

8/2, Trubetskaya str., Mosсow, 119991

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0707-4574ТураеваА. Р.TuraevaA. R.

119991, г. Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2

Anastasia R. Turaeva

8/2, Trubetskaya str., Mosсow, 119991

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7242-2988КраснюкИ. И.KrasnukI. I.

119991, г. Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2

Ivan I. Krasnuk

8/2, Trubetskaya str., Mosсow, 119991

ФГАОУ ВО Первый МГМУ им. И. М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский университет)I. M. Sechenov First MSMU of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University)2021101220201015766Copyright © Бахрушина Е.О., Анурова М.Н., Демина Н.Б., Лапик И.В., Тураева А.Р., Краснюк И.И., 20212021Бахрушина Е.О., Анурова М.Н., Демина Н.Б., Лапик И.В., Тураева А.Р., Краснюк И.И.Bakhrushina E.O., Anurova M.N., Demina N.B., Lapik I.V., Turaeva A.R., Krasnuk I.I.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.pharmjournal.ru/jour/article/view/847Введение

Введение. Эффективная доставка офтальмологических лекарственных препаратов является сложной задачей. Глаз имеет целый ряд защитных систем и физиологических барьеров, из-за чего офтальмологические ЛФ имеют низкую биодоступность, обычно не превышающую 5 %. Местное применение лекарственных препаратов – относительно простое для использования и наиболее часто назначаемое врачами для лечения офтальмологических заболеваний, особенно переднего сегмента глаза. Однако при использовании традиционных систем доставки возникает ряд проблем: нарушение пациентами техники введения лекарственных средств и, как следствие, снижение комплаентности лечения, ограничение доставки лекарственных препаратов к целевым тканям глаза из-за низкой проницаемости эпителия и быстрого клиренса после введения препарата. Поддержание постоянного терапевтического уровня препарата еще одна проблема, с которой традиционные системы доставки зачастую не справляются.

Текст

Текст. В статье рассмотрены виды офтальмологических систем доставки. Традиционные представлены такими лекарственными формами, как глазные капли, мази, гели. Современные офтальмологические лекарственные формы представлены глазными пленками, контактными линзами и глазными имплантатами. Приведены характеристика, достоинства и недостатки каждого вида систем доставки и их перспективные направления развития, а также современные разработки в этой области.

Заключение

Заключение. В настоящее время большая часть научных исследований по разработке офтальмологических систем доставки посвящена получению лекарственных форм, способных поддерживать постоянную концентрацию АФИ в ткани-мишени, обеспечивающих транспорт действующих компонентов к ним. Это достигается использованием современных достижений в области нанотехнологий и химии полимеров. Получают жидкие и мягкие лекарственные формы с микро-, нано- и микро-нано-носителями. Активно разрабатываются и изучаются полимерные системы доставки, такие как пленки, линзы и имплантаты. Развитие современных технологических подходов открывает новые возможности для терапии широкого круга офтальмологических заболеваний за счет снижения побочных эффектов, часто индуцируемых собственной токсичностью молекул, снижения частоты вводимой дозы и поддержания фармакологического профиля лекарственного препарата. Таким образом, использование современных офтальмологических систем доставки способно существенно ограничить применение инвазивных методов лечения.

 

 

Introduction

Introduction. Effective delivery of ophthalmic drugs is challenging. The eye has a number of protective systems and physiological barriers, which is why ophthalmic dosage forms have a low bioavailability, usually not exceeding 5 %. Topical drug administration is relatively easy to use and is most commonly prescribed by physicians for the treatment of ophthalmic diseases, especially the anterior segment of the eye. However, when using traditional delivery systems, a number of problems arise: patients' violation of the drug administration technique, and, as a consequence, a decrease in treatment compliance, restriction of drug delivery to the target eye tissues due to low epithelial permeability and rapid clearance after drug administration. Maintaining a constant therapeutic drug level is another challenge that traditional delivery systems often fail to cope with.

Text

Text. The article discusses the types of ophthalmic delivery systems. Traditional ones are represented by such dosage forms as eye drops, ointments, gels. Modern ophthalmic dosage forms are represented by: eye films, contact lenses and eye implants. The characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of each type of delivery systems and their promising directions of development, as well as modern developments in this area are given.

Conclusion

Conclusion. Currently, most of the scientific research on the development of ophthalmic delivery systems is devoted to obtaining dosage forms capable of maintaining a constant concentration of the drug in the target tissue, providing the transport of active ingredients to them. This is achieved by using modern advances in nanotechnology and polymer chemistry. Receive liquid and soft dosage forms with micro-, nano- and micro-nano-carriers. Polymeric delivery systems such as films, lenses and implants are being actively developed and studied. The development of modern technological approaches opens up new possibilities for the treatment of a wide range of ophthalmic diseases by reducing the side effects often induced by the intrinsic toxicity of molecules, reducing the frequency of the administered dose and maintaining the pharmacological profile of the drug. Thus, the use of modern ophthalmic delivery systems can significantly limit the use of invasive treatments.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.