Противоопухолевая активность синтетических производных нафтохинона (обзор)

Введение. Рак является основной причиной смертности во всем мире. Нафтохиноны – группа природных органических соединений с широким спектром активности, включающим кардио-, гепато-, нейропротективное действие, а также противомикробную, противовоспалительную и противоопухолевую активность. 1,4-нафтохинон легко поддается окислению, восстановлению, присоединяет нуклеофилы. Простые и хорошо разработанные методы химической модификации нафтохинонов делают их привлекательными для разработки новых соединений. Известно о противоопухолевом действии природных соединений нафтохинона – плюмбагина, шиконина, лапахола. Такие противоопухолевые антибиотики, как доксорубицин, даунорубицин, имеют в своей структуре 1,4-нафтохиноновый фрагмент.

Текст. Настоящий обзор посвящен анализу информации о механизмах противоопухолевого действия синтетических производных 1,4-нафтохинона. Обсуждаются возможные мишени их противоопухолевого действия.

Заключение. Анализ литературных данных показал, что синтетические соединения на основе молекулы 1,4-нафтохинона обладают противоопухолевым потенциалом. Механизм их противоопухолевого действия может быть связан с индукцией апоптоза через сигнальный путь митогенактивируемой протеинкиназы (МАРК) и путь сигнального преобразователя и активатора транскрипции 3 (STAT3), с ингибированием фосфатазы клеточного цикла (Cdc25), накоплением активных форм кислорода (АФК), угнетением ангиогенеза. Данные, полученные исследователями разных стран, подтверждают перспективность поиска новых соединений с противоопухолевой активностью среди синтетических производных 1,4-нафтохинона для разработки на их основе новых лекарственных средств.

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