Современные аспекты наружного применения и перспективы использования секретома мезенхимальных стволовых клеток (обзор)

Введение. Cекретом мезенхимальных стволовых клеток (СМСК) находит широкое применение в практической медицине. Он используется за счет своих иммунномодулирующих и регенеративных свойств в лечении аутоиммунных, иммуноопосредованных, а также некоторых других заболеваний благодаря противовоспалительному, нейропротективному и регенерирующему действию. В последние годы возрос интерес к разработке средств для наружного применения, содержащих СМСК. Подобные препараты планируется применять в лечении диабетических ран, для регенерации кожи, лечения воспалительных заболеваний, а также алопеции. Имеются множественные исследования, подтверждающие значительный потенциал для применения СМСК в дерматологии и косметологии. Целью данного обзора являлось изучение потенциала использования кондиционной среды в составе лекарственных средств для наружного применения, подходов к стандартизации СМСК в качестве фармацевтической субстанции и методов увеличения ее чрескожной доставки.

Текст. СМСК как активный фармацевтический ингредиент представляет собой прозрачную жидкость от желтого до оранжевого цвета с характерным запахом. рН готового к введению в композиции СМСК составляет от 7,0 до 7,5, что позволяет использовать его в средствах для местного и наружного применения без добавления стабилизаторов или корректоров рН. Проблемы доставки СМСК через эпидермис чаще всего решают помещением секретома в гидрогели, использованием экзосом или технологии с использованием микроигл. С 2022 года после внесения изменений на законодательном уровне были приняты меры по регистрации и внедрению в клиническую практику отечественных препаратов на основе клеточных продуктов. Однако, как показал анализ, до появления оригинальных лекарственных средств на основе СМСК пройдет еще некоторое время. На сегодняшний день в Российской Федерации производятся продукты, относящиеся к косметическим средствам и ветеринарным препаратам, а также зоокосметическим средствам.

Заключение. СМСК может быть использован в качестве субстанции для потенциального лечения широкого спектра острых и хронических заболеваний. Но несмотря на большое количество положительных результатов применения СМСК в заживлении ран у животных, а также клинических исследований по изучению влияния на регенерацию кожи, отсутствуют исследования его безопасности, эффективности и стандартизации процесса производства фармацевтической субстанции.

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