МЕТОДЫ ОБНАРУЖЕНИЯ ТОКСИКАНТОВ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ ЛЮМИНЕСЦЕНТНЫХ РЕАГЕНТОВ

Описано и систематизировано использование люминесцентных реагентов для определения токсикантов, включая отравляющие вещества, пестициды, продукты их деструкции и прекурсоры. На примере фосфорорганических токсикантов и продуктов их деструкции (ФОВ) показано, что чувствительность люминесцентных методов на основе органических комплексов лантаноидов (в первую очередь Eu3+) находится на уровне наиболее совершенных инструментальных хроматографических и биохимических методов анализа с пределом определения на уровне единиц ppt, что позволяет определять супертоксиканты на уровне требований безопасности, время анализа - от нескольких секунд до 10 мин. Высокая селективность идентификации достигается за счет использования импринтированных материалов, модифицированных циклодекстринов, а так же люминесцентных сенсорных матриц. Это является основой разработки новых технологий индикации следов токсикантов и продуктов их разложения, включая возможную технологию использования люминесцентных контрастных реагентов для увеличения чувствительности спектральных методов и дистанционного определения токсикантов. Показаны возможности разработки принципиально новых материалов для индивидуальных средств защиты, оборудования и мультифункциональных контактных поверхностей, обеспечивающих визуализацию и идентификацию токсикантов, а так же каталитическую самодегазацию. Продемонстрирована взаимосвязь технологий обеспечения безопасности людей и окружающей среды на стыке аналитической химии, криминалистики, химической безопасности и фармацевтики.

люминесцентный реагент, лантаноид, токсикант, пестицид, продукт деструкции, предел определения, идентификация, химическая безопасность

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