КЛЕТОЧНЫЕ НОСИТЕЛИ КАК СИСТЕМЫ ДОСТАВКИ ПРОТИВООПУХОЛЕВЫХ ЛЕКАРСТВЕННЫХ СРЕДСТВ (ОБЗОР)

Введение. Системы доставки лекарственных средств (СДЛС) определяются как системы, которые доставляют оптимальное количество лекарственного средства (ЛС) к целевой мишени, повышают эффективность лечения и уменьшают неблагоприятные последствия. Регулирование скорости высвобождения ЛС и доведение на конкретные ткани, где необходимы действующие вещества, являются основными целями СДЛС. Разработка систем для целенаправленной, органоспецифичной и контролируемой доставки лекарственных, профилактических и диагностических средств представляет собой в настоящее время актуальную область исследования для фармации и медицины. Особый интерес уделяется актуальной проблеме возрастания частоты проявлений побочных действий лекарственных препаратов (ЛП). Побочное действие ЛП, их малая эффективность нередко объясняются труднодоступностью препаратов непосредственно в мишень.

Текст. В настоящее время адресной доставкой химиотерапевтических веществ и СДЛС полностью изменяется тактика и подходы в медикаментозном лечении рака, позволяющие понижать побочные эффекты препарата и в целом увеличивать эффективность курса лечения. В настоящей работе приведено обобщение и систематизация сведений об адресных СДЛС противоопухолевого действия, описанных в научной литературе и используемых в фармации и медицине. Большинство рассмотренных в данном обзоре методов получения клеточных форм токсичных ЛС пока находится на стадии разработки, а некоторые методы постепенно находят практическое применение за рубежом в медицине и др. областях. Винкристин (VCR) и винбластин (VBL) являются наиболее широко используемыми и эффективными ЛС в химиотерапевтической практике. Несмотря на их эффективность против различных онкологических заболеваний, имеется ряд вредных побочных действий, которые ограничивают широкое применения этих препаратов.

Заключение. Существует возможность использования клеточных носителей (КН) в качестве системы доставки VCR и VBL. В научных публикациях пока отсутствуют данные о применении КН для инкапсулирования VCR и VBL. Поэтому актуальны исследования, посвящённые возможности применения КН для уменьшения побочных эффектов, улучшения эффективности и разработки лекарственных форм доставки VCR и VBL в патологические очаги. Данная тематика в настоящее время активно разрабатывается сотрудниками кафедры фармацевтической химии и фармацевтической технологии фармацевтического факультета Воронежского госуниверситета.

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